<em>1648</em> covers the period from 1398-1892, the span between the alignments (conjunctions) of Neptune and Pluto.<br />It is this author's opinion that Neptune-Pluto spans, what I call waves, provide a more precise vision how to divide history. Not only do Neptune-Pluto waves demarcate intuitive divisions of history in comparison to one another, but they also give means to see history according to standard astrological convention.<br />In essence, <em>1648</em> covers not only the period how and why the year 1648 proves an important turning point within the 1398-1892 Neptune-Pluto period (1399Neptune-Pluto1892), but how to interpret history employing astrology. Let it be know that within this work, these interpretations will include not only correlations between Neptune and Pluto, but all of the outer planets, with particular focus on Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.<br ?>While this approach may seem beyond most people's range of knowledge, the concepts employed herein are easily comprehended. Simply see this exercise as a retelling of history from an outer planet perspective. In that light, know that all the history covered herein is of the mainstream, popularly accepted variety. It is the history we all know, just from a different, but revealing perspective.