Neptune-Pluto waves return to the same quadrate alignment approximately every 495 years. Measured from conjunction to conjunction they cover the following periods.

4545bce-4048bce
4047bce-3553bce
3552bce-3057bce
3056bce-2548bce
2547bce-2062bce
2061bce-1569bce
1567bce-1074bce	1073bce-576bce
576bce-85bce
84bce-409
409-905
905-1398
1399-1892
1893-2384

For many reasons I believe Neptune-Pluto waves appear at more useful segments than the ones traditionally used. That they repeat at intervals closed to what we are used gives more reason to consider their use. That we can break them into quadrate alignments, comparable with and across waves seals the deal in my opinion. Yet we have not mentioned how the more frequent waves, Uranus-Pluto, Uranus-Neptune as well as the three Saturn waves. I will cover these waves in more detail in other sections, but will also bring them here in context.

Themes

Every Neptune-Pluto comes with a theme and the themes gestate and metapormomize with time. Each theme comes with an irony, a conundrum collectives must resolve over time. The attempt to resolve turns into a new theme that carries over at least into the next Neptune-Pluto wave. Each theme reaches a turning point at each quadrate alignment, and each one of these shows a clear connection to one another across time. The following examples, far from comprehensive, demonstrates how this technique helps us see history from a new perspective. The end of this chapter features all themes for eac Neptune-Pluto wave.

3056bce-2568bce: The Egyptian Dynasties and the Bronze Age all began near the start of 3056bceNeptune-Pluto2568bce. Both in Sumeria and Egpyt writing reached a new level of sophistication that pushed society in new directions. Less sophisticated societies fell before ones that could generate new technologies. Bronze requires the ability to alloy copper and tin. Copper appeared all over the Levant, but tin cane from relatively great distances, some from today’s British Isles, though most came Anatolia. By extension, this meant Bronze belonged to societies who could not only afford ships, but the infrastructure that supports it: people to sail, build and design them. The kings and pharoahs who sponsored them had to suspect the advantage worth the investment. A change this big had to have impact beyond the region in question. Ships require wood, and fleets require a constant supply. Sailors and soldiers need supplies since one cannot grow grains on water. Trade is a mutual enterprise; no one gave tin away. Those wating it had to offer something to the supplier in sufficient amount to make interactions worthwhile. Bronze did offer significant advantage since it proved appreciably more durable in battle and other uses. Societies that could not afford the upgrade stood little chance against newly empowered  rivals, but these new ‘superpowers’ could ill afford to not to conquer a lesser power if it stood in the way. Symbolically, Egpyt mastered and then abandoned Pyramid building during this wave.

576bceNeptune-Pluto85bce

The dual histories of this period , outer planet and chronological, simply demonstrates both its long-term influnence, still felt down to our time, and how outer planet activity mirrored events of the time. Around the conjunction (84bceNeptune-0º-Pluto85bce) of 576bce, Athens reached a peak, based on its successful trade in the Aegen region. Its wealth engendered what we might call a middle-class, one that enough leisure time to generate works in the fields of science, philosophy and the arts so thoroughly that it served as the foundation in this disciplines for a millenium and a half or more. The built in irony that seems to permeate each Neptune-Pluto wave comes with the fact that this wealth made Athens the target of its neighbors, most significantly Sparta. We need remeber as well that from 576bce through 404bce, the latter date coincident with the end of the Pellopenisian Wars, that the Greeks managed to hold off Persia, a kingdome that can be seen as a superpower of its time. Nonetheless, these wars in the end weakened both Athens and Sparta to the point where the Macedonea , a little known player up to that point usurped both city states.
	The outer planet timeline exactly mirrors these events both chronologically and in complexity. The period began with a triple conjunction of Uranus , Neptune and Pluto at a point where Saturn moved just past an opposition to all three of the above planets. This means that three outer planet waves began anew, 576bceNeptune-Pluto85bce, 576bceUranus-Neptune404bce and 576bceUranus-Pluto439bce. We should also note that 404bce, along with the end of the Pelopennisian War also came with 576bceNeptune-90º-Pluto85bce (and 438bceUranus-90º-Pluto324bce). 

[Place all Wave Diagrams Discussed Above Here].

As noted before, the period around 400bce easily equates to when the power Athens and Sparta began to wane leaving open the door the Macedonians. Through Alexander the Great , Macedonia spread Greek culture throughout much of Eurasia. bringing a cultural movement known as Hellenization. Hellenization came about as the result of Alexander’s eary surmise and the attempt to split the spoils among his generals, a tale that dovetails into the Roman history of the period. How that part of the story evolved coincides with the next portion of 576Neptune-Pluto85bce. 

More Than One Timeline

Before we get back to the next part of the the review of 576Neptune-Pluto85bce, we should illusttrate how each Neptune-Pluto wave contains other outer planet wavcs that both follow their own patterns but also play an important part throughout the entire span. Further study shows that this characteristic holds true in a intra-wave and interwave fashion. 576Neptune-Pluto85bce serves as one of the best examples. Beyond any doubt the Axial Wave comes as an overwhelming theme of this Neptune-Pluto wave. Across the the planet from 800bce to 200bce the worldview shifted away from a polytheist a monotheist. Simultaneously, the Greeks, whose influence of the time spread via the aftermath of Alexander’s adventures, stressed a need to see the world as not connected to gods who oversaw various natural forces. Instead, they urged a need to experience the world through the senses. They urged humanity to use reason to reach conclusion. We should consider this approach, one that encouraged experimentation, as a predecessor to science and when we look at the wave where science actually emerged on its own we see many outer planet similarities. Compare the charts of 576bce, 404bce and 334bce, to those of 1399, 1567 and 1648 and similarities abound among all of them. In some manner, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto fall into quadurate alignments across all these times. This fact taken out of context, may mean little, but we should know that only a few times in history do these planets line up. When they do align quaduratically, they do so along at turning points, faultlines that define the landscape. 
	Many events occurred, seemingly disconnected, that defined Greek culture the foundation of modern thought. All of them , however, connect to history through the outer planet patterns mapped out herein. The Greek philosophers introduced the secular model that became the norm after 1648. But secularism also took Christianity, based on another Axial Age introduced concept, the diminishment of the Persian Empire, the division of the Roman Empire into East and West, Hellenization, the Rise of Islam, the Babylonian Captivity and Protestantism to reach critical mass. We see the footprints of all these elements in the outer planet charts of 576bceNeptune-Pluto85bce. Athens and Sparta helped contain Persia, while simultaneously weakening one another. In turn this allowed the Macedonians to unite Greece and conquer lands from its base. Alexander’s death led to a division of the spoils among his generals across a wide territory, bringing with the Hellenization that lasted in whole until about the 7th Century CE, about the time when Islam sought, in part, to replace it. Hellenization also heavily influenced the Romans. Through them did it spread far and wide. And through them did it combine with Christianity into a form that lead to the secular world.
	We can follow this path in parallel with the outer planets. The time near 576bce coincident with the Greek Renaissance, Uranus-Neptune and Neptune-Pluto conjunctions reflects the issues found circa 404bce when Uranus and Neptune again reached conjunction and Neptune came to its lower square position relative to Pluto. This period saw Athens and Sparta weakened to the point that Philip, Alexander’s predecessor could unite the Greeks under Macedonian hegemony. At the opposition between Neptune and Pluto, 576bceNeptune-180º-Pluto85bce, near 334bce did Alexander begin his quests. Ten years later he would (the same year as his alleged teacher Aristotle). What happened next lead to Hellenization, and Greek culture bccame a guide, a foundation on to which to grow for a millenium. The solution to dividing the spoils of wars created a split of territory among Alexander’s generals. These territories turned into kingdoms that passed through generations. Egypt, for instance, turned into one of these. How each of these territories fared varied according to certain events, including war among the Seculid dynasties themselves, but what they held in common were Greek laws and practices. Essentially they became a custom, a prefered way for conducting affairs, a standard that eased trading across cultures.
	To be sure, Hellenization spread with differing results. In some cases Greek the colonizers imposed their way on life on the captive regions. Some tried to meld the different cultures. In other cases the captive cultures subsumed the Hellenizers leaving a hybrid with features from both groups. Eventually all of Seceulid Kingdoms fell to Roman dominance, but not before Rome too took on Hellenistic characteristics (and remember Rome also conquered cultures already Hellenized, adopting traits through them indirectly). The process comes up here because we need remember how deeply the ways of Ancient Greece penetrated across a wide swath from India to Britain. Because it touched so many cultures, it laid the foundation on top of which both religions and subcultures grew. One need suspect that one reason secularism, the desire to favor reason over faith, proves so universially acceptable lies with the common root of Hellenization. Yes, with the Fall of Rome, the world split into Eastern and Wetarn European factions into Arab based ones. Though they all held their differences, they all sought to interpret Greek philosophy in their own way. Evidence can be found through the fact that most of the ancient knowledge reintroduced to the West at the Renaissance came from Arab and Byzantic sources. More directly, the Judaism from which early Christianity derived came from Roman Palestine, an area heavily Hellenized from the 3rd Century forward. Though the Greek hegemony faded into memory with the Roman takeover of Egypt near 30bce, the Greek way lived in all cultures that helped craft the Western (and Middle Eastern) mindset. Without the ternsion between Christian and the then recently revived knowledge of the ancients, the transformative Age of Reason. This connection makes 576bceNeptune-180º-Pluto85bce even more important.

Same Is As  Some Does

That 576bceUranus-Neptune404bce and the period between 576bceNeptune-90º-Pluto85bce transcribe the lead up to and end of the Pelopennsian War enters the picture here. Overall 576Neptune-Pluto85bce speaks to the transition from polytheism to monotheism with the accompanying shift to a reliance on reason. As we have seen, the push in this direction centered in Greece (its origin likely began in Egypt), but its birthplace would have mattered little without Alexander, his armies and the aftermath of his death. Nonetheless, with the triple conjunction of 576bce the start of three outer planet waves that cascade through this Neptune-Pluto wave and beyond, where one wave begins and ends in terms of mapping to history turns into detective work. The clue may lie with the time of Alexander’s demise.
	With the knowledge that Aristotle likely tutored Alexander we can easily tie the period between 334bce and 324bce, coincident with 576bceNeptune-180º-Pluto85bce to the zeitgeist of time near 576bce. Aristotle’s philosophical heritage leads directly backwards through Plato and Socrates to Anaximander and Thales. Again this connection means nothing if these ideas remained bottled up in Greece. Without Alexander, who came via Philip of the Macedons, who came via the Pelopennisian War, Greek philosophy would have been a curiousity perhaps discovered after the fact.

576Neptune-Pluto85bce

(show how Hellenization coincided with the 576bceNeptune-180º-Pluto85bce and why Hellenization mattered)

  

84bceNeptune-Pluto409

This period fairly well covers the rise and fall of the Roman Empire (at least the western part). Yes, the empire really begins with Julius Caesar’s ascencion, but the root cause of the death of the Republic and the establishment of theme clearly begins with the Socii Revolution near 85bce. Throughout the empire and beyond the issue remained the same: he who controlled the army, controlled the throne. The Roman army brought Rome riches and glory. The army knew this and held considerable influence, but military and leadership are two different disciplines and for the most part only one emperor could lead at a time. Without a loyal and competent army, the emperor’s hold on power proved tenuous. Yet a strong could also dictate terms, and even oust an erstwhile leader. Around this central issue, never fully resolved, Rome rose and fell.

410Neptune-Pluto905
The obvious theme here starts with the fall of Rome. but staying with the obvious does little justice to this period. During this Neptune-Pluto wave the globe took shape cutlturally toward a world more familiar to modern humans. Much of the character of the pre-Grecian faded into the past during this period. Religion and culture headed toward a direction we recognize. Most tribes in the European area converted to Christianity. Christianity headed in the direction toward a split betwee4n Easter and Western branches, engendered by the Byzantium’s success in carrying on the Roman tradition. At the same time, the fading into history of Western Rome helped create the conditions from which Islam rose from nomads in Arabia to major force whose reach stretched from Iberia, across Northern Africa to Persia. 

1569bce-1074bce